Overview Isolated systolic hypertension (isolated systolic hypertension) accounts for approximately 65% of the overall incidence of uncontrolled hypertension in the United States and is particularly prevalent in the elderly. Furthermore, systolic hypertension may be resistant to currently available antihypertensive agents. Systolic hypertension is associated with age-related changes in arterial function, mainly a loss of arterial [...]
Overview ET-1 is a potent, endogenous, vasoconstricting peptide that is elevated in patients with hypertension. ET-1 acts at endothelin A (ETA) and endothelin B (ETB) receptors, which are located in the vascular smooth muscle and the coronary endothelium. Endothelin antagonists have been a focus for research and development for hypertension for some time. However, development [...]
Overview Natriuretic peptides are intimately involved in the control and regulation of blood pressure and plasma volume in the body and are degraded by endogenous NEPs (as described in the previous section, “Neutral Endopeptidase Inhibitors”). In humans, increasing levels of atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide reduce blood pressure by causing vasodilation and increasing [...]
